Your Digest for Friday, Mar 29, 2024 05:59 PM


Fascicular blocks

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[!TIP] Mnemonics
Left fascicular block will cause axis deviation 'away' from the blocked fascicle
Posterior block will cause q wave in inferior leads ("postero-inferior")
Anterior block will cause q waves in lateral leads (?except lead I) - ("Anterolateral")

LAFB (Left anterior block)) LPFB (Left posterior block)
Axis -45 to 90 (i.e Left axis dev.) +90 to +180 (i.e Right axis dev)
QRS duration < 0.12 (but slightly prolonged) QRS < 0.12
aVL, V5 and V6 shows QR complexes I,aVL shows rS complexes
II, III and aVF show rS complexes II,III,aVF Shows qR complexes.
(q Waves in III and aVF is mandatory)

Bifascicular block
= LAFB with RBBB

"Bifascicular block is the combination of RBBB with either LAFB or LPFB" Source

Trifascicular blocks


[!TIP] Mnemonic: Light, liver, lungs, levothyroxine
Light - cataracts, photosensitivity
Liver - steatohepatitis
Lungs - fibrosis
Levothyroxine - hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism (levothyroxine is just a mnemonic because it has L)

Acute Chronic
CHB Lung fibrosis
QT prolongation -> Arrhythmias Steatohepatitis
Thrombophlebitis if given in peripheral vein Hypo / Hyperthyroidism
Photosensitive slate gray rash
Cataracts
Sensory and motor neuropathy

From pass medicine:

Mnemonics:

Anti-Ri (Rieally blurry vision)
Anti GAD GAAAAD he's stiff (stiff man syndrome)
Anti-Hu who kicked my chair (pain) and then fell over (ataxia)
Anti yo- Yo lady give me back my danish (cerebellar syndrome, lady for breast + ovarian)


Erythrasma

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[!INFO] My classification
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Wernicke encephalopathy

[!TIP] Kor - chronic, confabulations


[!TIP] mnemonic: DNAAB


Causes of methaemoglobinemia

Hereditary:


1 unit = half a pint of beer


*** *** # Colorectal cancer syndromes

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Classification base on presence of pre-existing polyposis: (genes in Brackets)

Pre-existing polyposis Pre-existing hamartomatous polyps No pre-existing polyposis
FAP (APC) - 100% Cancer risk Peutz-Jeghers - 40% cancer risk HNPCC - aka Lynch syndrome Type 1 and Type 2 (MLH1) - 80% cancer risk
Gardner's (APC) Juvenile polyposis
Cowdens' syndrome (PTEN)
Source
Source
Source
Further reading: Source

Alkaptonuria

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Source

Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome

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Bilateral adrenal haemorrhage most commonly due to meningococcal septicaemia.
Usually fatal within 24 to 48 hours.
Majority occurs in children.
Source